Fixture placement by room

Where a fixture sits matters as much as how bright it is. Light placed over the surfaces people actually use, at a sensible height, does more work than the same fixture centered in the room for symmetry alone.

Recessed ceiling downlight in operation
Recessed downlights should be positioned over work surfaces, not just spaced evenly.

Recessed downlights

For general ambient coverage, recessed fixtures are spaced so their pools of light overlap gently rather than leaving dark gaps. A common starting point is to space them roughly in proportion to the ceiling height, then adjust so the light lands on counters, seating, and walkways. Keep downlights a comfortable distance off the wall so they wash the wall instead of scalloping it harshly, unless wall-grazing is the intended effect.

Kitchen

The kitchen is where layering and placement pay off most. Counters need their own task light because anyone standing at the counter blocks ceiling light and works in their own shadow.

Living room

Living rooms benefit from soft ambient fill plus a reading-height task lamp beside the main seating. Floor and table lamps placed at the ends of a sofa add warmth in the evening and reduce reliance on the ceiling. Accent light, a wall wash or a lamp on a shelf, gives the room depth after dark.

Wall dimmer with lighting control
Grouping fixtures on dimmers lets one room shift between bright and relaxed.

Bedroom

Bedside light should be positioned for reading without spilling across a partner, which usually means a lamp or wall fixture beside each side of the bed at roughly seated-shoulder height. Keep overhead light dimmable and warm so the room can wind down in the evening.

Bathroom

The most common bathroom mistake is a single downlight above the mirror, which throws shadows under the eyes, nose, and chin. Light placed at the sides of the mirror, near face height, renders a face evenly. A separate ceiling fixture handles general room light.

Quick reference

LocationPrimary fixturePlacement note
Kitchen counterUnder-cabinetMounted toward the front of the cabinet underside
IslandPendantBottom clears cross-room sightlines
Dining tablePendant or chandelierCentered on the table, dimmable
Reading chairFloor or table lampShade near eye level when seated
Bathroom mirrorSide sconcesAt or near face height, both sides
Before you cut into a ceiling: hard-wired fixture work and circuits should follow local electrical code and, where required, be completed by a licensed electrician.

Keep reading

Pair placement with layered lighting design and pick the right tint using LED color temperature.

General reference: Natural Resources Canada lighting.